田野调查法在民族学研究中的作用     

东宇轩 《教育文化论坛》2019,(2):104-108,139

我国早期的民族学研究方法大多来自西方,本土化水平并不高,但随着国内民族学学科发展,研究方法也愈渐成熟,作为民族学学科的主要研究方法,田野调查法也日益展现出其重要作用。但对于年轻的研究者来说,如何去运用这个方法却面临着种种问题,如书面知识与实际操作化的差异,参与观察中价值中立的原则性难题,学科道德规范与世俗伦理的碰撞,何为真实性的原则问题等。即使在田野调查法如此成熟的今天,研究者进行实际操作时仍然面临不少问题,而这些问题对民族学学科发展提出了新的挑战。同时也是对研究者的挑战,对研究者提出更高的要求:要拥有创新意识,拓宽思维模式,为民族学开创新的道路。  相似文献   

NEGOTIATING POLITICIANS’ RESPONSIBILITIES IN NEWS INTERVIEWS     

Mats Ekström  Monika Djerf-Pierre  Bengt Johansson  Nicklas Håkansson 《Journalism Practice》2016,10(8):983-1004

News interviews are contexts in which political responsibilities are articulated and negotiated. Although the accountability interview is recognized as a commonsense practice in journalism, and the research on political interviews is substantial, it partly remains to explore how responsibilities are negotiated in different forms of questioning in journalism. This study investigates three generic forms of questioning: accountability questioning, the clarifying of promises, and the principal assessments. Key features of the different forms are specified. The empirical study investigates how the questionings are performed in news on industrial crises in Sweden, in the different political regimes in the 1970s and the 2000s. The data consist of 27 news interviews with the formally responsible Ministers. The method is based on Conversation Analysis and includes detailed analyses of questions and answers. The study shows (1) how the forms of questioning differ when it comes to the action agenda and in how responsibilities are invoked and negotiated; (2) how the questionings tend to reproduce particular expectations of Governmental interventions; (3) how increased assertiveness and adversarialness in interviewing coincide with reduced expectations of political responsibilities.  相似文献   

论访谈在质的研究中的应用     

何梅 《重庆师专学报》2007,26(3):126-128

在教育研究的方法中，质的研究已成为了一种新趋向，其最大的特点在于收集资料的方法包括了访谈等多种非量化形式。好的访谈有利于提高质的研究的有效性，确保教育研究的质量与成效。访谈前应作好充分的准备，在访谈过程中善于利用提问、倾听等技巧，并恰当使用非言语行为。  相似文献   

在线采访——记者网络化生存方式探析     

李瑞芬 《新闻界》2007,(3):55-56

几乎无孔不入的网络不仅改变了新闻的传播方式,也正改变着新闻的采写方式。在线采访在逐渐成为新闻记者职业生涯的一种新的生存方式的同时,也对传统的新闻采写模式、操作理念形成冲击,本文将探讨这一全新的采写方式在新闻实务操作中的表现形态及其面临的问题。  相似文献   

美国研究型大学慕课商业模式的现状反思——基于加州大学欧文分校慕课教学人员的集体访谈     

钱小龙  王玉香 《河北师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2020,(1):75-83

作为全球慕课运动的急先锋,以加州大学欧文分校为代表的美国研究型大学秉持可持续发展理念,创建了一系列成功的慕课商业模式,实现收支平衡或基本的盈利。不过,美国研究型大学的慕课商业模式仍然面临许多现实困难,亟待有效的解决方案。为此,尝试运用集体访谈来对加州大学欧文分校慕课商业模式进行研究,全面揭示存在的问题。具体而言,主要包括:核心资源的管理有待改进;关键活动的效果面临质疑;客户关系的深化成效有限;收入来源的拓展遭受阻碍;渠道通路的提升存在不确定性;价值主张的彰显尚需明确;客户细分的平衡非常有限;成本结构的优化尚需努力;重要伙伴的关注亟待加强。面对严峻的市场环境,可以尝试构建基于慕课的三层商业模式画布,推进慕课的可持续发展。  相似文献   

浅论跨文化采访的心理接触点问题     

郭玖辉 《国际新闻界》2003,(3)

随着全球科技、经济一体化的进程 ,跨文化交流已经成为一门学科。在新闻采访领域 ,我国很多机构有常驻世界各地进行日常采访的驻外记者 ,跨文化的采访活动越来越普遍。本文就如何把握好跨文化采访的心理接触点问题 ,即如何很快地拉近不同国家、不同文化的采访对象与记者的心理距离 ,顺利完成采访任务进行了一些研究。  相似文献   

Determinants of diachronic information seeking among communication intermediaries     

Jyotika Ramaprasad  Yu Liu  Bruce Garrison 《亚洲交流杂志》2013,23(1):98-114

While the study of the ethical use of new technologies in journalistic work is imperative given the widespread use of such technology, such studies are few and far between, particularly for the developing world. This paper provides results of an exploratory, qualitative study of Indian journalists’ views about the ethical use of new computer and Internet-based technologies for news gathering and reporting in India. New digital technology was widely accessible to the respondents, but not all journalists were given the tools by their employers. Opinions about ethical news practices using new technology were mixed and revealed a few grey areas. English language national newspapers tended to indicate that their standards were strict and that ethical violations, exacerbated by new technology, occurred mostly in vernacular newspapers. On the whole, respondents had not heard often of other organizations or individuals committing unethical practices such as plagiarism and lack of attribution using new technology. Still, some beliefs indicated uncertainty about ethical practice or breach of ethical principles. The findings of this study have implications for journalism education and on-the-job training of Indian journalists, as well as for formulating ethical codes of journalism, particularly with regard to new media. Indian codes focus more on the roles journalists should play in society and do not provide very specific tactical guidance for everyday news gathering. Coupled with lack of training, this creates a situation where perceptions about journalistic ethics are sometimes vague and variant.  相似文献   

Perceived Information Exchange and Health Control Expectancies as Influenced by a Patient's Medical Interview Situation     

Theodore A. Avtgis  Maria Brann  Sydney M. Staggers 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(4):231-237

The purpose of this study was to examine how a patient's medical interview situation influences the relationship between the health locus of control and information exchange. Participants included 537 people who completed the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale and the patient version of the Medical Communication Competence Scale in reference to their last health care visit. The results indicated that the situation surrounding the medical interview influenced the relationship between the health locus of control and information exchange.  相似文献   

Helping Public Library Patrons Find Medical Information-The Reference Interview     

《Public Library Quarterly》2013,32(3-4):21-27

Abstract

Public libraries are often the first access point for additional information resources on health and medical topics. We, as librarians, must be aware of our role in the information seeking process, and communicate with the patron effectively in order to direct them to appropriate resources. Particular attention must be given in the reference interview, including adequate follow-up support and consideration for protecting confidentiality. This paper discusses elements of the reference interview and describes measures that can be taken to avoid personal liability while directing patrons to health information resources.  相似文献   

开放式访谈设计中民族志决策树模型的应用及改进     

徐孝娟  赵宇翔  孙霄凌  朱庆华 《图书情报工作》2013,57(22):103-110

将民族志决策树模型及扎根理论融合应用到开放式访谈设计的问题条目获取、问卷的模型构建及问卷模型的合理性检验三方面。在阐述民族志决策树模型相关理论的基础上,分析该模型和扎根理论融合应用的可行性及必要性,并将二者应用到开放式访谈设计中,提出开放式访谈问卷的模型设计架构,并以社交网站用户流失访谈为例给予说明。结果显示,设计的开放式问卷条目顺序合理、内容表述完善,其设计架构对开放式访谈问卷的设计具有指导意义。  相似文献